<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:18.0pt;line-height:200%;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">交通事故七大因素</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;line-height:200%"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:18.0pt;line-height:200%"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="line-height: 24pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;color:#555555;
mso-font-kerning:0pt">心理因素：司機本身的思想情緒處于苦惱、憂慮、憤怒、激動時，會產生心理急躁、思想混亂、精力分散、反應遲緩等不良表現。美國學者曾調查了<span lang="EN-US">392</span>名發生了交通事故的司機，有<span lang="EN-US">20%</span>是在事故前<span lang="EN-US">6</span>小時內受到了強烈刺激。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="line-height: 24pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt">藥物因素：服感冒藥后開車比酒后開車更危險，因為感冒藥內大多含具有催眠作用的藥物成分。據學者調查表明：有<span lang="EN-US">11%</span>的司機發生車禍與服鎮靜藥、安眠藥、止痛藥及某些止咳藥有關。這類藥可引起嗜睡、注意力分散、視野縮小或模糊等。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="line-height: 24pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt">疾病因素：醫學研究表明，患糖尿病或癲癇病的駕駛員，發生車禍的危險性比—般司機高<span lang="EN-US">30%</span>。這是由于糖尿病人常會發生低血糖，可致一時性眩暈。而癲癇病更是難以預測。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="line-height: 24pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt">氣象因素：氣象條件惡劣有礙行車安全，太陽光過強，也會影響行車安全。科學家通過模擬試驗證實，太陽強輻射可使大腦反應速度變慢，使司機難以應付行車中的緊急情況。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="line-height: 24pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt">噪音因素：有人在測試司機視力時發現，音響大于<span lang="EN-US">107</span>分貝，司機的視力開始有下降趨勢。究其原因，噪音作用于聽覺器官后，可通過神經系統使視力發生異常變化。德國專家指出，過高的聲音令人興奮、注意力分散，繼而出現聽覺疲勞、心煩意亂，影響正確判斷。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="line-height: 24pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt">嗜煙因素：美國調查表明：吸煙者發生交通事故的相對危險性與不吸煙者比例為<span lang="EN-US">1 .5</span>：<span lang="EN-US">1</span>。研究認為，吸煙能提高大腦興奮性，吸煙時司機更易冒險開車。澳大利亞研究發現，駕駛員在開車前吸<span lang="EN-US">3</span>支煙，會使觀測視力降低<span lang="EN-US">20%</span>左右，思維反應速度降低<span lang="EN-US">25%</span>，最為明顯的損害是降低了司機辨認紅、綠顏色的視覺能力和對暗環境的適應性。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="line-height: 24pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:
宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"微軟雅黑","sans-serif";
mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;color:#555555;mso-font-kerning:0pt">生活因素：暗光下看熒屏會過多消耗體內血清維生素<span lang="EN-US">A</span>，連續幾小時觀看，可使血清維生素<span lang="EN-US">A</span>減少近一半、視力下降<span lang="EN-US">30%</span>，同時也影響辨色能力。此外，夜晚娛樂時間過長，早晨空腹開車，連續長途駕車等，都是釀成交通事故的隱患。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="text-align:right"><span lang="EN-US">
2019-11-29</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="text-align:right"><span style="font-family:
宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">安全技術部</span></p>
